By designing and building a reflective V-schlieren light path ,the visualization of 40 kHz sound waveis realized.Using the schlieren light path,a series of teaching experiments about acoustics are designed anddeveloped.These contents can directly and conveniently demonstrate the reflection , diffraction , collimation ofhe acoustic traveling wave field and the mechanical effects of the one-dimensional and two-dimensionaacoustic standing wave field,and can also quantitatively measure the relevant parameters of the acoustic fieldand acoustic devices.The design and development of some experimental contents combines optics, acoustics. mechanics and other contents , and integrates the frontier application of acoustics, which greatly expands andenriches the contents of traditional acoustic experiments in current university physics experiments.

The detection circuit for small differential capacitances can converts the differential capacitivevalues into electrical signals such as voltage or current, which is widely used in high-precision measuringinstruments such as micro-displacement detection and inertial sensors. Based on the principle of bridgedetection ,it designs a bridge detection circuit for small differential capacitances.First, the transfer function ofits AC amplifier circuit and wo-stage low-pass filter are measured ,and then conducts a calibration experimenton the sensitivity coeffcient of the circuit ,and finally based on the designed detection circuit, the differentialcapacitances single pendulum is made up as a pair of differential capacitances to study the voltage output of thedifferential capacitances single pendulum without the ball, with the ball but without excitation ,and with the balland excitation ,and then confirms the movement period of the pendulum through the frequency domain analysisAs an innovative physics experiment for undergraduates, this experiment could cultivate students’ practicalability ,and deepens the understanding of the related knowledge involved in the experiment such as mechanics.kinematics ,vibration and wave ,electromagnetism ,digital circuits and analog circuits.

The purpose of this experiment is to realize the binding and movement of light and small objects inthe air by using acoustic principles. First of all, based on the analysis of the experimental principle. theexperimental scheme is designed , three experimental devices are made , and relevant experimenta. studies arecarried out; Secondly,on the basis of experimental research the Comsol simulation software is used to simulatethe sound pressure level image and fluid particle capture animation , and the simulation results are displayed:Finally ,through the comparison of theoretical , experimental and simulation results ,the experimental results areeffectively discussed.

The output voltage of the force sensor is an important parameter to be measured in the experiment ofmeasuring liquid surface tension coefficient by pulled off method. lt is very important to understand theexperimental principle and improve the accuracy of the experimental measurement.lt focuses on the study of thestate of the ring and the liquid film ,the change of force and the change of voltage with the height of the liquidhilm carried out by the ring during the measurement process,based on the experimental principle of measuringliquid surface tension coefficient by traditional pulling method.Finally,the selection of voltage measurementpoint in the experiment is clarified, the theoretical analysis formula is modified and the experiment ayerification is carried out.The verification results show that when the sling is in the critical state , the sensoroutput voltage U, should be selected as the maximum value of the voltage reading,which is more consistentwith the experimental principle.Moreover,the quality of the liquid film can not be ignored and should beincluded in the theoretical analysis and calculation to get more accurate results.The research results canprovide analysis ideas and reference for the course teaching of this experiment.

According to the requirements of photothermal properties testing of photothermal anti-tumormaterials ,a set of photothermal properties testing system integrating near-infrared laser irradiation ,temperaturemeasurement ,data transmission and processing functions is made through reasonable design.The test system hashe advantages of reliable performance , high accuracy of measured data, small size, low cost and convenientoperation.lt provides a reliable test device for the photothermal characteristics test of photothermal antitumormaterials

In order to realize Fourier spectrum measurement, a spectrum measurement method of windowfunction Fourier transform using incoherent illumination and single pixel detection is proposed. First, therelationship between single pixel detection spectrum reconstruction and window function Fourier transform spectrum is derived by using four step phase-shift fringe projection. Then the spectrum of three windowfunctions ,including circular function , rectangular function and rectangular transmission grating , are measured.The results show that this method can realize the measurement of the Fourier spectrum of window functions andprovide a new optical measurement method for the Fourier transform spectrum.

Through classifies and analyzes the problems existing in the traditional liquid viscosity coefficientmeasuring instrument by means of the ball falling method. On the basis of the THONZ-1 liquid viscositcoefficient measuring instrument, the high-precision laser tube sensor is used to connect with themicrocontroller counting controller, and the collected data is transmitted to the computer through the seriaport,and the computer is used to scientifically and accurately process the experimental data. The viscosity coefficient of liquid is calculated with an efficient method. Meanwhile, in order to reduce the influence oiambient temperature on the measured value of liquid viscosity coefficient,the tester is placed in the thermostat.and the temperature of the thermostat is adjusted by the temperature controller.Thus , the uncertainty of themeasurement result due to the change of ambient temperature is controlled to the maximum extent by using themethod of real-time control of the experimental ambient temperature.

It points out the main factors that affect the accurate measurement of sodium light wavelength in thedouble prism interlerence experiment; delermination of the position of virtual light source, measurement ovirtual light source spacing, and measurement of inteference fringe spacing. The research shows that thposition of virtual light source can be accurately determined by the lens imaging method.n addition,the virtuaight source spacing can be accurately measured by using the lens imaging method to measure the spacing othe magnified image of the virtual light source and the corresponding object and image distances. Finally, theinterlerence fringe spacing can be accurately determined by measuring and averaging the distances of as many interference fringes as possible farther away from the virtual light source.Using these measurement methods . thesodium light wavelength can be accurately obtained.

In view of various quality and defect problems of Newton ring flat glass or planoconvex lens , analysisand research are caried out according to different situations, the corresponding interference patterns aresimulated, and the consistency of quality problems and interference pattern changes is analyzed. The resultsshow that the change of interference pattern is consistent with the quality problems of the device.The qualityand defects of Newton ring can be judged by analyzing the interference pattern of Newton ring. The researchresults have certain guiding significance for how to carry out surface treatment for quality and defects in actualproduction practice.

The distribution of different hole structure were designed for sample plates , the thermal conductivityof the sample plates were measured by steady-state method,the influence of different hole structure distributionon thermal conductivity were compared and analyzed.The results indicated that:thermal conductivity of sampleplate was lower with the increase of hole area;ln the same condition of hole area,because of the edge effect.thermal conductivity of sample plate was higher with the increase of hole circumference , which reflected thatdifferent material and different distribution of hole structure presented different thermal conductivity.Designingdifferent hole structure for rubber/air sample plates ,measuring and analyzing thermal conductivity of rubber/air sample plates difference from original, which will enrich experimental teaching content and increaseexperimental innovation scheme ,and provide a way for students to deeply understand the thermal conductivity of objects; and which can be used for reference in expanding the content construction of the course andenlightening the innovative design thinking of experiment.

When light emitting diodes and an infrared emitting diode are connected in parallel circuits and puton the platform,we can find the color spots of the LEDs and a white spot of the IRED on the computer screen. As a transmission grating is placed in front of the lens of the digital microscope ,a series of diffraction patternsare shown on the screen,We can measure the wavelengths of the LEDs and the lRED directly from the screen.Using this device to measure the wavelength of IRED infrared and lED visible light , the result is in goodagreement with the reference value , and the error is within 0.7%.The device has the advantages of simplicity,high accuracy and low cost. ln addition to being used as demonstration teaching,it can also allow students tooperate experiments in groups.

In view of some shortcomings of the original device for measuring the Young's modulus of the tensilemethod ,the device for measuring the Young's modulus of the tensile method in college physics experiments hasbeen improved.The newly designed experimental device places the entire instrument horizontally , fixes themeasured metal wire through two quick change chucks, and uses a fixed sliding wheel group to make themeasured steel wire twist on the pulley to increase the length of the measured metal wire , The elongation of themetal wire is directly measured with a digital dial indicator. The improved Young's modulus measuring devicehas simple structure , simple operation ,fast measurement , high accuracy and good use effect.

Optical tweezers technology has the characteristics of non-destructive ,fast and sensitive capture ofparticles.It has been widely used in physics , biosensing and chemistry.However,because optical tweezers is anemerging technology, the abstract optical theory is complicated, the structure of optical tweezers system iscomplex, and experimental demonstration instruments are expensive. Therefore , it is still very dificult todemonstrate optical tweezers experiments in the teaching of existing physics laboratory courses. lt focuses on thedifficult problems of optical tweezers in university physics experimental teaching courses, and proposes aparticle capture device based on the principle of single-beam gradient force optical trap by using the theoreticamethod of optical tweezers, and concludes that the experimental phenomenon conforms to the research law ofoptical tweezers capturing particles through experimental demonstration research and analysis , and obviousparticle capture process can be observed.Based on the principle of single-beam gradient force trap ,the particlecapture device is compact, economical and practical, and more suitable for promotion and application inuniversity physics experimental courses.

ln order to solve the safety problem for undergraduate students operating modern physicsexperiments in the epidemic environment, a virtual nuclear experiment combining the remote operating systemUltralab was designed. Students can complete virtual nuclear experiments remotely in the classroom or dormitoryor anywhere after booking the experiment time through the management function of Ultralab.By setting twodifferent virtual radioactive sources2 Am and2pu, the linear relationship between the energy peak value of thealpha particle and the track address is determined.n that way the thickness of the film could be determined bythe energy loss of alpha particle passing through the film.Ultralab remote virtual nuclear experiment enhancesthe flexibility of experimental teaching.Teachers and students can carry out experiments freely without beingrestricted by the epidemic situation and site.lt can also enhance students' autonomy and innovation.Throughfexible reconstruction of various parameters of virtual nuclear experiments ,multiple virtual nuclear experimentsand related experiments such as gamma particle and beta particle measurement can be realized.The purpose ofbeing familiar with and master the laws of radioactive particle interacting with matter is achieved.

According to the principle of resonance sound generation of air column , three different methods areused to measure the sound frequency when the pipe emits resonance sound by using Phyphox software. AfterFourier transformation of the measured data, select the most obvious sound frequency that is the same multipleof the fundamental frequency ,and use the linear fitting method to obtain the sound velocity of three different methods. The relative error between the measured results of sound velocity and the theoretical value of the threemethods is within 1.0%, which shows that the measurement method is feasible and the experiment isinteresting.

Aiming at the problem that the current computer mouse has a large amount of computation and is notsuitable for the real maze terrain ,a computer mouse that can automatically find the exit in the real maze terrain isdesigned. Based on the principle of ultrasonic ranging and traditional maze algorithm, the computer mouse isapplicable to the maze terrain where the number of forks and the width of the road are uncertain ,there are manydead turns and relatively large.lt has the advantages of strong adaptability , small amount of computation , strongcompatibility and plasticity ,and has certain research value for the automatic application in the real maze terrain.

A simple experimental device for measuring the concentration of transparent liquid ( ethanol.glucose ,glacial acetic acid and salt solution) was designed based on the mobile phone function software.Usethe angle measurement function of the mobile phone software to read the incident angle and refractive angle ofthe light beam,calculate the refractive index of different liquid concentrations using Snell's law and draw theinear relationship between different liquid concentrations and refractive index through origin software.lt isfound that the liquid concentration measured by the self-made instrument is in good agreement with that measured results by the standard instrument. The greater the refractive index, the greater the corresponding iquid concentration.lt is the most obvious linear correlation between the refractive index of glucose solutionand the concentration.The self-made experimental device combined with mobile phone software to measure theconcentration of liquid is simple and low cost, which expands the application range in general physical opticsexperiments.

With Arduino UNO as the main control unit, the moving car is loaded with an intelligentmeasurement system.The resultant external force is detected by a force sensor, while the distance between thecar and the fixed baffle is measured by an ultrasonic sensor in real time.As a result,the speed and accelerationare calculated from the distance data.The traditional experiment to verify Newton's Second Law has beenintelligently improved and designed. The system is easy to operate ,accurate in measurement,and can displathe experimental results in real time , which greatly improves the experimental efficiency on the basis offollowing the traditional experimental process.

With the help of the powerful plotting, animating, and programming functionalities of theMathematica software,and based on relevant formulas and laws of wave optics, several typical polarized lightphenomena have been accurately and dynamically simulated.The series of animations developed in this studyare vivid, intuitional, and thus very helpful for students to increase their knowledge of polarized lightphenomena and deepen their understanding of polarized light laws.This study adds colorful teaching resourcesto the optics course and also fully demonstrates the powerful capability of the Mathematica software to developphysics teaching resources.

The development and application of the scientific computing software Matlab have promoted studentsto perform data processing, image analysis, and fitting experiments in the University Physics Experimentscourse.The data image visualization capability of Matlab software is exhibited by the Frank Hertz experimentThis perfectly shows the multiple peaks formed by the polar plate current variation with the accelerated voltage.The Planck constant is measured based on the photoelectric effect to present the capacity , such as, theexperimental data fitting, integrating the experimental curve , analyzing the relationship between the cut-offvoltage and the incident light frequency ,obtaining the fitted curve and calculate the magnitude of the Planckconstant.The introduction of Matlab can enhance students’ creativity in experiments , which helps cultivatestudents' scientific literacy and logical thinking ability and lays a solid foundation for students' future study andresearch work.

In order to solve the problems faced by microelectronics science and engineering or integratedcircuit design and integrated system professional experimental teaching, a virtual simulation experimentalplatform of MOS field effect transistor based on LabVIEW and TCAD is designed. The platform can realizeelectrical performance testing and parameter extraction of MOS field effect transistor.lt consists of data inputand storage ,control command output , data acquisition and display , error reporting and stopping , and graphicanalysis and extraction.The virtual simulation experiment platform provides students with a good engineeringpractice platform, with simple operation and high efficiency, which can fully mobilize students' subjectivity andhelp students understand complex problems.

With the development of modern technology and “Internet + education" ,because of its particularlyinnovative methods,mobile learning is leading the great change of digital and information-based learning,andhybrid teaching is also developing rapidly.In this study,the course Principle and Structure of Lithium Batterywas put into operation on the FanYa network teaching platform , and a hybrid teaching mode platform was builtThe traditional teaching mode was integrated with modern information technology , which improved studentsearning efficiency and enriched personalized course resources, and further improved education and teaching methods.

The introduction of the policy of “three places and one district”in Anhui Province has put forwardnew requirements for talent traning in colleges and universities, especially the demand for innovativeengineering talents. Nevertheless, as a foundamental course for cultivating engineering specialists , there are stilsome deficiencies in the experimental course of  three electrics", such as mismatching of the teaching anctraining objectives and demand of the social development, the insufficient experimental resources for theuniversity students , and the incompatibility between the teaching methods and the cultivation of the innovative talents. Multiple teaching reform paths , including combination of the traditional and virtual forms , integration ofthe first topic and the second topic , and integration of campus and off campus, promote the experimenta.teaching in colleges and universities to adapt to the requirements of " three places and one district” for talents.and effectively improve the ability of colleges and universities for serving the local economic and socialdevelopment.

Advance in science and technology is an important strategic support for national development,moreover innovation is the power and source to promote scientific and technological progress , which occupies acore position in overall modernization constructions. lt is highly essential for cultivation of applied talents incolleges and universities in new era to accelerate realization of original innovation , break through confinement of major scientific technology and solve the “neck sticking" technical problems.In order to improve educationlevels of applied physics and cultivate application-oriented talents with innovative spirit,the following multiples chemes are provided to achieve this aim: ( 1) constructing multi-level teaching platform based on theuniversity students'science and technology innovation competition;(2) building curiculum systems , compilingteaching materials and cases by the cooperation of the school and enterprise; ( 3) performing the reform ofteaching content, promoting nnovation of practical training and exploring the teaching modes of “ school-enterprise cooperation and work-study combination.After more than ten-year exploration and practice , talentcultivations of applied physics specialty based on scientific and technological innovation competition have achieved fruitful academic and scientific achievements ,which enhances core competitiveness of specialty andprovides significant contributions for construction of an application-oriented university with distinctive characteristics.

CollegePhysics is a public basic compulsory curriculum for undergraduate of science andengineering major, which develops rational thinking, innovation awareness, exploration spirit and scientificiteracy of students.According to current problems of College Physics ,taking Shenyang Aerospace University asexample, the paths on the construction of College Physics first-class curriculum for applied talents arepresented ,that have guiding significance for the construction of curriculum and the culture of talents.

University Physics Experiment is one of the two main lines of engineering physics teaching, whichcomplements “ University Physics”to jointly complete the teaching of undergraduate physical ideas andmethods.Starting from the demonstration of the importance of “University Physics Experiment" ,it analyzes the current status of this course , and demonstrates the necessity and feasibility of introducing interactive teachingmode.Combined with the experience of interactive teaching during online teaching, a set of schemes isintroduced ,in which the interactive teaching mode is initially introduced into the course of University Physics Experiment. The results of the preliminary attempt show that under the conditions of sufficient teaching time andappropriate communication platform, the teaching of physics experiments in the form of discussion andinteraction can effectively stimulate the students’enthusiasm for learning, enhance the students learningparticipation , and improve teaching effect. At the same time, when teaching in the laboratory , interactiveteaching mode also can he introduced to a limited extent under the condition of extending the teaching time andequipping with the corresponding network experimental projects.