This study utilizes laser cutting technology to design and fabricate a difraction grating with avariable grating constant based on interlaced slit structure, This design allows for structural deformation tocontrol the beam without the elasticity of the material itself,Multiple experiments were conducted on this gratingto verify and demonstrate its application potential and advantages,The study also explores the impact andpatterns of grating design on diflraction elects, The results show that this grating is suitable for intuitivelydemonstrating difraction and applied in educational settings.

This study utilizes intensity-modulated fiber-optie sensors to measure the eoneentrations of aleoholsalt ,and sucrose solutions,Solutions of varying concentrations are injected into quartz vessels, A single-modestable light source emits a light beam , which is transmitted through an optical fiber and detected by a powermeter.Using Origin solware , the funetional relationships between the light power values and the coneentrationsof the three solutions are fitted.By substituting the light power values of unknown coneentration solutions intothe fitted expressions , their concentrations can be determined,This experiment is simple to operate , uses basicequipment,and is suitable for measuring various solutions, making it ideal for fundamental teachingapplications.

Doppler elfeet is an important knowledge point in the theoretical course of optoelectronic informationscience and engineering, and guiding students to combine theory and experiment through university physicsexperiments helps to help students understand the knowledge point, and also helps to cultivate studentsreseareh interest in physies and seientilie thinking through experiments, The solid velocity measuremen!experiment based on the laser Doppler ellect is introduced into the university physics experiment teaching,andthe experimental system is constructed , data processing and error analysis are carried out and the experiment isverified,Through the complete experimental process , students can exercise their hands-on ability and practicaproblem-solving ability ,and cultivate their seientifie research logical thinking and innovation ability.

Measuring the refractive index of transparent solids and liquids is an important content in middleschool physies experiments. The visitation method for measuring the relractive index of liquids has beenimproved by some published literature, that is ,the length of images of an objeet caplured by a smart phone inthe condition of without water, with water and foating on the surface of the water is employed by the" IMAGEME"T"ER" software,and is used to replace the ratio of actual depth to visual depth with the ratio ofimage length in three cases.The reraetive index of water can be caleulated from this.lt is thought that waterdepth , the inelination of the mobile phone and the distanee between the mobile phone and the water surfacemay affeet the measurement results. The control variable method is used to explore the influenee on themeasurement of water refractive index in this work.After comparing with the standard value of water refractiveindex ,the best experimental conditions are obtained.

Focusing on the phenomenon of water droplet lenses, this paper conducts in-depth theoreticaanalysis on the surface morphology of droplets and their related optical parameters based on principles oldroplet surface tension ,fluid staties ,and an energy function corrected by contact angle.The influencing factorsof the optical parameters are summarized as follows: as the thickness of the water droplet increases , themagnification of the lens decreases ,and the resolution first increases and then decreases ;as the diameter of thewater droplet inereases , the magnilieation deereases ,and the resolution also first inereases and then deereases :the relraelive index of glass has almost no elleet on the oplical parameters of the lens.Through Matlabsimulations, the relative errors for magnification and resolution in each set of experiments are 2.7196 and4.796 , 1.1296 and 5.996 ,and 0.4496 and 2.13% ,respeclively ,indicating high credibility.This research not onlyadvanees related technologies but also provides innovaltive application ideas for multiple fields.

The oplimization of experimental parameers and the eultivation of data analysis skills are erueial inuniversity physies experiments, This study systematieally measured the effects of filament voltage , first gridvoltage ,and rejection voltage on the relationship curve between plate current /, and second grid voltage Vex inthe Franek -Hertz experiment , obtaining 648 sets of experimental data and ploting the /,-Vex characteristiecurve, By combining theories such as thermionie emission, Boltzmann distribution , and electron-atom collisioneross-section ,the underying physical principles of different experimental phenomena were analyzed ,revealingthe relationship between parameter regulation and experimental phenomena,The effeetive range of experimentalparameters for the Franek-Hertz experiment was diseussed, Finally, based on the automatie peak-finding anddifferenee-by-differenee methods in Origin sofware , an ideal value for the first exeitation potential of argonatoms was obitained ,verifying the theory of atomie quantization energy levels,The theoretical analysis provided agood explanation for the experimental results, "This study provides a systematie optimization scheme for theparameters in Franek-Hertz experiment teaching and innovatively eombines theoretieal modeling with sofkwareanalysis ,enhaneing the credibility of experimental results and the value of teaching practice.

At present, accurately measuring the thiekness of liquid thin films remains challenging,especially forfragile soap films.Such measurements require nondestructive and high-precision optical instruments, which areevidently impractieal for routine applieations,ln this study , we propose a method for measuring the thickness olsoap films using light interference , offering a precise yet relatively practical approach for determining thethickness of micro/nano-seale liquid films.Due to the inluenee of gravity ,soap films typically exhibit a thinnetop and a thicker boltom. When illuminated by vertically ineident light , interferenee fringes of equal thicknessappear across the film,By measuring the distanee of these fringes from the upper edge , the local thiekness of thefilm relative to its topboundary can be obtained via intererenee techniques.ln this work, we measured therelative thickness distributions of soap films formed on plastie rings of three different shapes at various timepoints, analyzing how thiekness varies with verical height, Additionally, using a refined Michelsoninterferometer and the prineiple of equal inelination interference under monochromatie light , we determined theaetual thickness at the center region of the soap film,This method enables the measurement of thickness atvarious positions of a soap film , providing a referenee teehnique for measuring the thickness of other liquid.based thin films.

The experimental system of string vibration based on magnetoelectrie exeitation was employed tosystematieally invesligate the factors infueneing the resonant frequeney and wave velocity of standing wavesusing the controlled variable method.The experimental results show that the resonant frequeney isapproximately equal to the eigenfrequeney, with higher hamonie frequeney being integer multiples of thefundamental frequeney.'The resonant frequeney is proportional to the number of antinodes and the square root oftension , while inversely proportional to the string length and the square root of string density,The wave velocityis determined solely by tension and string density,This study not only verilfies the correctness of the theoretiealmodel of standing waves but also elleetively enhanees students "experimental skills and seientifie inquiryabilities.

In view of the characteristics of integrated optics , electronies ,informatics ,science and engineering inthe opto-electronic information science and engineering major,as well as the needs of composite talents trainingunder the background of new engineering, this paper discusses the deep integration of frontier science andtechnology with experimental teaching, the deep combination of theoretical learing and practical applicationaround the laws of physical scienee and modern seientific and technological software tools,The multi-teachingmode of software and hardware integration is established.Through training students' practical ability ,ability tothink and solve complex engineering problems , seientifie research ability and innovation literaey , improvestudents' data analysis and processing skills ,in order to provide certain referenee and referenee for promotingthe reform of innovative talent training mode in eolleges and universities under the background of newengineering.

In order to further study the motion laws of the particle on the semi-cireular orbit,the whole motion ofthe small ball as a particle,from the entrance of a vertical and smooth semicircle inner track to the landing point ,isdiscussed.By mathematical method ,the dimensionless conditional factor related to the initial velocity is delined .andthe conditional factor is used as the independent variables to analyze the four phvsical quantities -the motion timefor the ball to adhere to the track ,the fight time in the air , the maximum rising height and the maximum horizontarange.Analysis reveals that under all possible values of initial velocity, the expressions for these four physicaquantities are all related to the conditional factor.This mathematical analysis provides a detailed deseription of themotion laws of particles on a semicireular inner track model, and its results can offer theoretical support forteaching,research ,and applications related to the semicircular inner track model of particles.

The fabrication process is carried out for the absorption grating, which is a core device in the X-rayphase-contrast imaging technology, Tungsten nanoparticles are used as the X-ray absorption material, withethanol and the emulsifier Op-10 being used as cariers. Tungsten nanoparticles are filled into the gratingstructures by means of free deposition,By studying the influenee of difierent partiele sizes on the filling efiect , itis found that the filling efeet of tungsten nanoparticles with an average size of approximately 50 nm is betterthan that of partieles with a partiele size of 200 nm,ln addition,in order to compare the influence of differentabsorption materials on the quality of absorption gratings , tungsten and bismuth nanoparticles with an averageparticle size of approximately $0 nm are filled into the grating struetures, and their induced X-ray absorptioncontrast are compared.lt is found that the contrast of the tungsten grating is approximately 5096 ,and that of thebismuth grating is approximately 4196, Tungsten partieles are more suitable than bismuth for fabricatingabsorption gratings.Filling grating, structures by the free deposition of metal nanoparticles is a low-cost methodand allows for the fabrication of large-period gratings.

This artiele introduees a simple physieal experiment for studying the characteristies of deepultraviolet ( UV ) communieation,The experiment aims to help students intuitively understand the principles osolar-blind detection and deep UY signal deteetion,and to master the methods of deep UV communication byusing a gallium oxide deteetor to measure modulated deep UV signals. Through systematie and conciseexperimental steps , ineluding detector performanee charaeterization ,communieation deviee setup,and deep Ucommunication, students can grasp the basie operations of deep UV communieation. Finally, from theperspectives of experimental openness and innovation, the artiele discusses how this experiment ean enhaneestudents ’dialeetieal scientifie thinking,This experment transforms cutting-edge seientiie researchachievements into comprehensive experimental teaching content ,designing a comprehensive experiment for [fycommunieation based on a gallium oxide deteetor. Belonging to the frontier researeh field of interdiseiplinaryphysies and communication, this experiment helps students understand the relationship between carrierfrequeney bands and communieation modes while mastering the prineiples of communication.

This artiele introduces the fundamental principles of the least squares method, Using thephotoelectrie effeet experiment and string standing wave experiment as examples ,it explains the application ofthe least squares method in both linear and nonlinear experimental seenarios,Through MATlAB programmingfor fitting experimental data and solving curve coefficients , the study aims to deepen students’ understanding olthe least squares method whilenhancing therr data proeessing capabilities.

Damping pendulum is an effeetive method to improve the stability of high-rise buildings.Based onthe dynamie analysis of the damping system, this study investigates the key factors and system parameterrelationships of damping pendulum, builds a damping device ,and quantitatively evaluates the actual dampingelfect and seismie resistanee through experiments, Research has shown that whether under periodie or nonperiodie exteral forces, the damping pendulum has an average damping ratio of 20% on the amplitude anddisplacement of the main oseillator vibration , signifieantly improving its seismie resistanee.And the reliability ofthe experiment was evaluated through uncertainty analysis.This artiele deeply analyzes the prineiple and devieeimplementation of damping pendulum damping from theory to praetice ,from qualitative to quantitative ,and hasteaching significanee for the deeply understanding and application of mechanical theory.

Ultrasonie sanding wave leviation is a non-contaet support technology that utilizes acoustiecadiation forces to fix objects at the nodes of sound pressure waves , with extensive applications in materialsscience, pharmaceuticals, and fine chemistry research, This paper presents an open acoustic levitationexperimental system construeted using lead screws, sliding rails, and magnetie adsorption mechanisms. Theapparaus achieves 0.02 mm precision in transdueer spacing adiustment while enabling convenient replacemenlof transducer arrays, We designed and implemented an ultrasonic velocity measurement experiment with anerror margin of approximately 1.396 , and investigated levitation pattemns of water droplets , alcohol, and Auricalcohol, plotting funetional relationship diagrams between levitated spheres and probe spacing.The dedicatedmagnetie adsorption structure facilitates research on levitation acoustie fields and manipulation. This systemallows students to not only perform traditional sound velocity measurements but also experienee levitationprocesses,explore suspension mechanisms,and understandemerging technologies,providing innovativeapproaches for updating conventional physics experiment curricula.

To address the multi-medium heat transfer issue related to the temperature rise charaeteristies oftubular fuses ,a thermal-eleetrieal analogy-based LT'spice model was constructed.This model incorporates thejoule heating source of the fuse element , heat conduction through the air/glass layers, and natural convection.ltwas used to simulate the temperature rise on the surace of the fuse element and the inner and outer sufaees ofthe glass tube,The results show that the thermal resistanee of the air layer ( 1 092.4] K/W) accounts for 90.089 of the total thermal resistance ,resulting in an interfacial temperature diferenee of 785,29 K, while the lowthermal resistanee of the glass layer (0.24 K/W) only causes a temperature drop of 0. 17 K. Using asyuchronized infrared thermal imaging monitoring system, the thermal cquilibrium temperature of the fusesurfaee was measured to be 389 K,The temperature rise curve of the fuse surface aligns well with the simulationresults.The developed [Tspice thermal resistanee network model is computationally elicient and can beelfeetively used in teaching, helping students understand Fourier's law of heat conduetion , Newton's law ofeooling,and the analysis methods of dynamic thermal processes.

The visualization of the ultrasonie propagation, interference and flaw can turn these abstraetultrasonie phenomena into visible images using simulation software , which can help students better understandthe knowledge about ultrasonie waves, This paper simulates the ultrasonie propagation under differenttemperature and medium , ultrasonie interferenee and ultrasonie flow using COMSOL, soltware.The theoreticalanalysis indicate that the simulation results are olvious and correet, This provides a strong support for theultrasonie waves study.

ln recent years , with the rapid development of artificial intelligence and deep learning technologies.facial recognition technology has been widely applied in aecess control systems due to its advantages ofcontaetless operation , high-precision recognition, and strong security.However,existing facial recognition accesscontrl systems still face umerous challenges in perormanee optimization , algorithm seleetion, and dataprocessing.These inelude balancing aecuracy and response speed, achieving effieient operation on resouree-constrained hardware devices , and ensuring data privacy and system reliability,'To address these issues , thisstudy , based on Huawei 's Aseend-developed MindSpore platform, conducts a comparative analysis of faciallandmarking and training algorithms, foeusing on the advantages and disadvantages of OpenCV and dlib infaeial landmarking. Experimental results indieate that dlib ofers superior accuracy and robustness inlandmarking,Therefore, dlib is used for initial facial feature point deteetion, and the ResNet deep leamingmodel is employed for deep feature extraction and classification training on multi-view facial datasets. Forhardware implementation ,the system utilizes Raspberry Pi 4B and Arduino tiNO development boards , with theML.X90614 infrared camera for real-time image acquisition and processing,The system is further enhaneed withmuli-target recognition , visitor aecess management ,and a visualized (jl design ,resulting in a high-perormancefacial recognition access control system,The findings of this study provide an effcient and reliable solution forthe intelligent upgrading of aeeess contrl systems and further validate the practical application potential ofMindSpore in small-scale embedded systems.

The absorption fber optie temperature sensor is a high-performanee temperature sensor that hasbeen widely used in various fields such as power systems, aerospaee ,and healtheare due to its characteristies ohigh temperature measurement accuraey and strong electromagnetie interferenee resistanee, Additionally , itssimple system structure and straightforward principle make it a popular choice among many universities forteaching students about the systems and principles of fber optic sensors, However,as fiber optie temperaturesensors are precision experimental instruments, students need to design them reasonably. In practice , manystudents end up with signilicant measurement errors or unsatisactory temperature measurement results due toimproperdesign.Therefore , this paper foeuses on the simulation design of the absorption fiber optie temperaturesensor using MATLAB, Thrugh this simulation design, students can validate whether their constneted fiberopie temperature sensors are reasonable, Mloreover, the simulation results can eneounage sludents to furtherinnovate on the design of fiber optie temperature sensors, Additionally, this apprach helps students betterunderstand the prineiples behind fiber oplie temperature sensors , ignites their interest in learning, and providesa foundation for cultivating relevant prolessional talents.

To address the disconneetion between traditional verifieation experiments and scientife researehpractiee in the teaching reform of the professional course Fiber Optie Sensors and Their Applications.In thispaper , with intensity modulation and phase modulation fiber sensor as the core ,a single mode-multimode-foueore fiber cascade strueture is designed as an innovative experiment of sensing struclure, Therefore,a three-in.one teaching model of knowledge consolidation, seientifie researeh practice and innovation training isconstructed.The design of oplical fiber sensing system which applied in liquid coneentration detection iscompleted by students through the practical tasks of the whole process of literature research, sensorpreparation , performanee testing and data analysis."The results show that the sensitivity of suerose solution ofthis sensor ean reach 0.16644nm/96 .The fit degrees of the interferenee valley wavelength , intensity and sueroseeoneentration are 0.9801 1 ,0.93636, respectively.By eonducting innovative currieulum experiment explorations,this initiative has not only effeetively stimulated shudents’research interests but also enhanced their practicacompetencies and innovative thinking.lt provides an extension of the integration of seience and edueation foeultivating high-quality applied talents with seientilie researeh accomplishment and innovative thinking underthe background of new engineering.

In today's era of rapid technological advancement, by flexibly applying artificial intelligeneetechnology , capitalizing on its powerful seareh and demonstration capabilities in the realms of people' slivelihood and technological progress ,and integraling it into the enhancement of university physies experimencurricula, we can elfeetively address the issues of monotonous teaching content and the slow turnover ofexperimental equipment,This initiative not only enriches the content of university physies experiment coursesbut also boosts student's motivation to learn, practieal skills , and inmovative thinking. By starting with thenumerous real-life applieation examples of eleetrostatie feld simulation experiments to explore novel teachingapproaches and curriculum design coneepts, we can significantly improve the teaching quality of universityphwsies experent Oses