Based on the prineiple of single -pixel imaging, an oploeleetronie comprchensive teaching experimentwas designed for image reeonstruetion of target objeets.The speeifie experimental proeess includes Hadamardnask signal generation based on field programmable gate array , single pixel imaging optical path construetionbased on LEl) array, and target image reconstruetion based on signal processing using Matlab.The experimentaldesign combines electrical, optical, computer programming, and hardware programming technologies, withadvantages such as low cost, simple process, clear principles, high student participation, and strong learningaequisition.lt can elfectively enhance the proficieney and practical ability of students in optical imagingtechnology and software and hardware programming technology.

This study eritieally examines the limitations inherent in current steady state thermal eonduetivitexperimental apparatuses.To address these shortcomings, a novel setup is designed and established, integratedwith a sample holder, an adjustable regulated power supply , a digital high-precision four-channel thermometer.and a computer. A sample holder was designed and fabricated, ineorporating an aerylie plate, wing serews, aceramie heating element, and a heat sink.The thermal conductivities were tested under strong air cooling andsemiconductor heat dissipation, The results show that the up-data instrument can realize the synchronousmeasurement of temperature and time,Compared with the strong fan heat dissipation, the thermal conductivitysystem obtainedunder semiconductor heat dissipation is more stable and less noisy.The research results canprovide a relerenee for the design and aecunaey improvement of the thermal conduetivity measurement deviee othe steady state method.

The refractive index of liquid is measured by combining the capillary phenomenon and theMichelson interference principle. Firstly, the relational expression between the speed at which the interferencefringes swallow (or spit out) and the refractive index of the liquid was deduced.In the experiment, a videorecording the changes of the interference fringes swallowing (or spitting out) when the liquid flowed out throughthe capillary tube was made.A Matlab program was written to proeess the data of the video to obtain the speed,and then this speed was substituted into the relational expression to caleulate the relractive index of the liquid.The relative error of the experimental result was 0.76%6,Thus, convenient, fast and accurate measurement of therefractive index of liquid was achieved.

The symmetries of four kinds of resistance networks are analyzed, and the simplified equivalentcircuits are drawn according to the symmetries, and the series-parallel relationship between each resistor isdefined.Based on the basie law of series parallel resistanee, the equivalent resistanee values between networknodes are caleulated, On this basis, the equivalent resistanee between the other asymmetrical two points iscalculated by using the electric current superposition method.The extension shows how to solve some physicsproblems without symmetry by constructing symmetry. This method not only enhances the accuracy andefficieney of calculations but also provides a new approach for solving complex physical problems.

To overcome the limitations of traditional measurement techniques and achieve quantitativemeasurement of the compressibility of liquids, this sludy combines ulrasonic characterization technology andschlieren imaging technology to design and implement a high-precision, non-contact liquid compressibilitymeasurement system. This system utilizes advanced computer image processing technology to signiicantlyenhance the accuracy of experimental data and effectively eliminate external interference during themeasurement proeess.Further, this sludy introduces machine learing algorithms to deeply analyzes the intrinsicrelationship between the compressibility of sodium chloride solutions and their density and ultrasonicwavelength, and constructs corresponding, predictive models.These research results provide new experimentalmethods for in-depth studies of liquid physical properties, and at the same time offer solid data support andheoretical foundations for scientifie research and practical applications in related fields.

The curent experimental research on the viscosity coellicient of liquids mainly focuses on theimprovement of measurement methods and equipment, but there is relatively little research on experimentalconditions such as infinite depth and wide range of liquids and the requirement for uniform motion of smallballs in the motion range Based on this, the improved laser mesh method liquid viscosity coeficientexperimental device was used to study the experimental conditions, and the basis for selecting the uniformmotion range required in the experimental conditions and the influence relationship of non infinite depth andwidth on the liquid viseosity coellicient were obtained By studying the experimental conditions of liquidviscosity coelficient, not only has the rigor of the experiment been improved and the experimental content beenenriched, but also the experimental horizon of students has been expanded, electively cultivating theirinnovative thinking and ability.

Using tribloek copolymer F127 and eationie polymerie nanolatex(CPN) as templates, and tetraethylorthosilieate ( TE0S)as the precursor, Si0, solswereprepared in an acid-catalyzed aleohol system, The filmsystem structure was built using Filmstar thin film design software, and a double-ayer broadband antireflectivemesoporous Si0, film with preeisely controllable thickness was prepared on a quartz substrate using the dip-coating method.The morphology, structure , and optical properties of the film were characterized and analyzedusing atomie foree microseopy ( AFM) , seanning eleetron mieroscopy ( SEM ) , transmission eleetron mieroscopy( TEM ) , N, adsorption-desorption analyzer, and [V-visible-near-infrared speetrophotometer.The results showthat the average transmitance of the double dayer mesoporous $i0, antirellective film can reach up to 98,996 inthe 300~800 nm range.

Based on the integral result of the general formula for simple harmonic motion velocity, the timeperiod of the optical beat signal in the half-cyele optical beat counting method is clarified.When analyzing thenumber of optical beats in the initial and final curves of the optical beat signal within a half-eycle, theealculation formulas for the number of light beats in the eurves of maximum value nodes and zero value nodesare corrected using the rotating vector method. Furthermore, based on the relationship between the vibrationvelocity of the moving grating and the period of the oplieal beat signal, a new minimum period method forcalculating weak vibration amplitude is proposed, which expands the approach to calculating weak vibrationamplitude.

The experiment of measuring magnelie fields using three-dimensional Helmholtz coils is a eritiealeleetromagnetism exercise in university physies currieula.lt aims to equip sudents with weak field measurementtechniques, verify the magnetie field superposition principle, and map the magnetie flux density distribution.This study integrates deep learning algorithms into the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil magnetie fieldmeasurement system. Under data-intensive experimental conditions,this innovation not only enhancesoperational efficieney but also demonstrates potential for non-destruetive testing of complex surface cracks onmetal sheets. As a pioneering case study, it offers novel interdiseiplinary approaches for merging universityphysics experiments with artificial intelligence ( Al) and academic competitions, while providing robust supportfor intelligent pedagogical reforms in physics laboratories.This work exemplifies the feasibility of integrating Alinto conventional teaching frameworks and foreshadows the intelligent evolution of future physics experimenteducation.

As an important part of modern transportation system, intelligent logisties car is gradually changingthe traditional logisties mode by virtue of its elicient and aecurate operation characteristies.In this study , anintelligent logisties vehicle design scheme based on ST'M32 is proposed. K210 vision processing module iscombined with deep learning algorithm to realize the identification , grasping and eficient handling of objeets bycontrolling the rbot arm, which has the advantages of low cost, low energy consumption and high accuraey, andhas certain researeh value for the development of modern intelligent logistics industry.

The interferenee phenomenon of two point light sourees is an important fundamental content of waveoptics.A simulation program was designed based on the Python software for displaying the interferencephenomenon of two point light sources in the global space. The light sources andobservation screen areeonstructed in the three-dimensional space coordinates.'The interference intensity in the observation sereen iscaleulated aeeording to the optical path dilferenee of the two point light sources reaching each point of thescreen,The coordinates of each points were transformed by a rotation matrix, so that the interference fringes inthe global space can be obtained.The results show that, various parameters can be adjust conveniently in thesimulation program, and the interference fringe patterns in the global space can continuously display , which isbeneficial to helping students understand the prineiple of light interferenee.

Resistance measurement is extremely critical in semiconduetor technology. When measuring theresistance of thin films by the traditional four-probe method, nonlinear fiting of the Van der Pauw function isrequired, which is not only time-consuming but also has poor accuracy,In view of this phenomenon, a Backpropagation neural network ( BPNN) neural network model based on the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM)algorithmis proposed. The IM algorithm combines the advantages of the gradient deseent method and the Newtonmethod, quickly approaches the global minimum during the iteration process, and is better than the puregradient descent method in the case of local minimum fall, The weight is adjusted by combining the backpropagation error of the BP neural network to achieve the fitting of complex nonlinear funetions, "The localparameters of the transeendental funetion ( Van der Pauw funetion) containing the inverse hyperbolie cosine arenonlinearly fitted, and a neural network fiuing model with a maximum deviation of 2.08x 109 and a relativestandard deviation of 2. 16 x 10-° is obtained. Compared with the normalized polynomial fitting method, theaccuraey is improved by 99.596.This improved method can greatly improve the stability and accuraey of themeasurement results."The model is applied to the experimental measurement process , which elfectively improvesthe resistivity test accuracy.

Smartphones with built -in sensors and applications are being used as measurement tools in physiesexperiments and teaching.In this paper, the pressure sensor of a smartphone with a physical experimentapplication is used to measure the gas pressure at different depths in the swimming pool, and the localgravitational aceeleration is ealeulated by $tevin's Law,which is simple and feasible and has high measuremenaeeuracy.The experimental method is simple and feasible, and the measurement accuraey is high,.Carrying outphysies experiments and teaching based on smartphones can help stimulate students*interest in learning.reduce experimental costs , expand the experimental site , popularize physies knowledge, and improve scientificliteraey.

By measuring the refractive index of a solution at various temperatures, the relationship between itsoptical properties and temperature can be better understood."The Michelson interferometer, a precision opticameasurement tool, is widely used to measure refractive index. However, traditional Michelson intererometersrequire manual reading, which introduees subjeetivity and reduees aecuraey,ln this study, we designed andbuilt a Michelson interferometer system with intelligent reading capabilities to measure the refractive index ofdistilled water and a696 sodium chloride solution at different temperatures.During the experiment, the liquid tobe measured is placed in one optieal path of the interferometer, while the other path serves as a referenee,Aheating rod and temperature sensor are placed in the solution to heat it to the target temperature,The refractiveindex is then caleulated based on the changes in the interference fringes. Additionally, this study utilizes0penCV-based image proeessing technology to develop a prgram that allows the computer to automaticallydetect the image and caleulate the refraetive index at each temperature,This is done using a known referencefor refractive index and its relationship with temperature, and the corresponding data is presented in graphicalform for visual clarity,The experimental results demonstrate the system's effectiveness and highlight its potentialfor aecurate refractive index measurement in solutions.

To address the issue of low control aeeuracy caused by treating the pipeline between two controlvalves as a single control model in high altitude platorm simulation system, the elects of pipe diameter, inletlength, outlet length, and elbow type on the flow parameters of high alitude platform pipeline system wereanalyzed using Fluent solt ware.lt provides theoretical support for the development of high precision controlmodels.The results show that pipe diameter, inlet length, and elbow type have significant effects on the flowparameters,Pipe diameter and inlet length inereased, the variation in flow parameters deereased,And the changeof flow parameters in 4$° elbow pipes was greater than that in 90° elbow. When pipe diameter inereased, pipelength eoeffieient for mutation loeation in inlet was found to be 0.8 -.0.9, while mutation loeation for 45° elhowwas approximately 0. 1 , and for 90? elbow, about 0, 15 ..0,27, When inlet length inereased, mutation position ofinlet was about 0.35 ..0.95.The mutation location of the 45 elhow was found to be approximately 0.05-0.084,and for 90° ellbow, about 0.1.The inerease in the length of outlet would only alleet the mutation position ofoutlet, which was about 0,04 ~.0,44, Based on $pearman correlation analysis, the primary and secondary orderaffeeting mutation position of inlet and outlet is : inlet length > pipe diameter > outlet length > elbow type, inletlength > pipe diameter > elbow type > outlet length.

In response to the current demand for in-situ tesling in the fields of physies and materials for acontinuously controllable and adjustable temperature environment at both high and low temperatures, a passivevariable thermal resistanee strueture was designed with a G -M eryocooler as the cold source.This structure hasa high thermal conduetivity at low temperatures and a low thermal conduetivity at high temperatures, enablingthe sample temperature to be controlled and adjusted within a wide range of 6.2 .. 800 K without affecting thenormal operation of the G -M eryocooler,The system is simple in structure, stable and reliable in operation, andthe simulation and experimental verifieation results at both high and low temperatures are in good agreement.

in order to overeome the deleets of traditional experimental instruments that are expensive andrequire a fixed place for teaching, a funetion signal generator based on MAX038 is designed using theS'T'M32F103 mierocontroller, and at the same time, a virtual instrument containing a signal souree and anoseilloscope is designed using the LabVlEW development platform. ln order to argue the correctness of thedesign and simplify the complexity of the desigu , Altium Desinger is utilized to design Printed Circuit Board(PCB) sample boards for hardware testing to complete the design and installation.In the paper, the uppercomputer software is used to generate a variety of commonly used waveforms, and then send the data to themieroeontroller through the serial communieation port, which in turn eontrols the MAX038 circuit to output avariely of waveforms of analog signals,This design can generate sine wave, triangle wave, square wave and othercommonly used waveforms, the output fequeney range of 0 to 20MHz, and has an independent duty cyele andfrequeney adjustment, Experimental results show that the system produces clear waveforms with stablefrequeney,phase and amplitude.

ln the experiment of " Design and Calibration of Thermistor Thermometer" , the rational selection olthe two resistors on the bridge ratio arm plays a crucial role in the suceess or failure of the experimental designThey afleet not only the resistance value of the comparison anm resistor and the power supply voltage, but alsothe heating power of the thermistor and the linearity of the calibration eurve,The author, with the aid of Desmossoftware and applying mathematical thoughts such as caleulus and the combination of numbers and shapes,determined the criterion for the impaet of the ratio arm resistance on the linear relationship between themieroampere indieation and temperature under the consiraint of the maximum power of the themistor, andobtained the relatively optimal parameter values, When using the optimal parameter combination, the circuit nolonly meets the power requirements but also achieves the optimal linearity of the calibration curve.Therefore, theoverall design has reached the expeeted goal.

According to the opinions on aeeelerating the construetion and development of new engineering andthe implementation of exeellent engineering edueation and training plan 2.0 and the implementation opinions onthe construetion of first-elass undergraduate courses issued by the ministry of education, the teaching mode andmechanism of the undergraduate course " oplical design" were reformed and explored based on engineeringeducation professional certification.The three slage inegrated teaching model of " theory , case, and projeet" hasbeen established, and multiple collaborative teaching mechanisms such as industry-earning collaboration,seienee-education eollaboration, and all-media collaboration have been formed, and some results have beenachieved.

lntegration of seienee and edueation collaborative edueation is an inevitable trend in the reform andinnovation of colleges and universities,From the perspective of integration of science and educationeollaborative education, this paper explains the importanee of cultivating physies students’seientifie researchthinking ability, analyzes the current situation of cultivating seientilfie researeh thinking ability of physiesstudents, and explores specifie methods of culivating physies sludents scientife researeh thinking mode.