With the rapid development of China's electric power industry ,the renewable energy ,e.g.,wind andsolar energy,has rapidly   developed.However,the uneven spatial distribution and the supply instability greatlrestrict the development of new energy technologies. Focused on the development of gravity energy storage( CES) technologies ,it introduces four kinds of new grid-level gravity energy storage technologies emerging inthe world in recent years,including Gravity Power CES in USA,Ares Mountain GES in USA, Energy VaultCES in Swiss ,and Gravitricity CES in UK.Compared to the traditional electrochemical energy storage methodsuck kinds of CES technologies has the advantages of safety , large storage capacity and small impact on theenvironment.Also,they significantly reduce the dependence on geographical conditions and water resources.which are beyond the application of the traditional pumped hydro storage CES method.Thus , these new CESmethods have broad application prospects. According to the available researches, it also points out thedevelopment obstacles and technical problems of the new gravity energy storage technology ,which can providespecific guidance on the domestic development of GES technologies in China.

When a certain wavelength of light passes through the liquid，some of the light intensity will be absorbed by the liquid，and the absorption ability of different concentrations of liquid to the light intensity will be different．The remaining light intensity after liquid absorption will still cause photocurrent to be generated in the phototube．Based on the experimental principle of photoelectric effect，the corresponding photocurrent of the same liquid at different concentrations was measured．The calibration curve of the two is drawn，and the linear equation of the two is fitted by computer．That is，the corresponding concentration of the liquid can be calculated only by measuring the photocurrent of the liquid after light blocking through the photoelectric effect tester．

Semiconductors play a important role in the contemporary age． In college physics experiment teaching，it is of great significance for students to deeply understand the band gap properties and measurement methods of semiconductors． The ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy method is an easy way to determine the band gap and energy band structure of semiconductors． It uses ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and the Tauc Plot method to determine the band gap of the Ｒuddlesden-Popper semiconductor perovskite Srn+1TinO3n+1( n = 1，2，3，∞ ) ，and discusses the application of the Tauc Plot formula in transmission and reflection conditions．

Taking the "electrostatic field" part of university physics and experimental courses as an example，the ideological and political teaching of exploratory courses is designed to study how to organically integrate ideological and political education in each teaching link，so as to cultivate students’scientific spirit of pursuing truth and climbing mountains，and stimulate the sense of responsibility and mission of loving the motherland

and serving the country scientifically．Through the questionnaire survey，it is found that students agree with the current ideological and political teaching mode，but there are still some areas to be improved．Through teaching discussion and teaching reflection，the improvement measures of subsequent ideological and political education are put forward．

A new observation method of rainbow and neon phenomenon is proposed． By refitting the spectrometer with the light source and taking the self-made “optical lens and adding device”as the core，the dynamic adjustment of the light intensity of the light source，the length and width of the rainbow，the refractive index and other parameters is realized，which can stably present the curved rainbow phenomenon with adjustable curvature，and solve the difficulty in adjusting the parameters of the traditional device Neon presents the problem of single effect．The device is small and easy to carry，which provides a new enlightenment idea for guiding users to comprehensively learn the principle of neon imaging in multiple dimensions．

In the steady-state method for measuring thermal conductivity coeficient of poor conductors , theinfluence of increasing the temperature of heating plate, decreasing the ambient temperature and closing thecooling fan on key experimental parameters , measurement error and experimental duration were studied.Theresults show that the experimental conditions had significant influence on the steady-state temperature of thecooling plate( T,) and the cooling rate of the cooling plate at 7,,and the systematic error of the experiment wasalso affected.Increasing the temperature of heating plate or decreasing the ambient temperature could effectivelyshorten the experiment duration with little influence on measurement error.Turning off the cooling fan couldreduce the experimental system error introduced by area correction, but the experimental duration wasprolonged.

For the experiment of measuring resistance with Wheatstone bridge, the virtual simulation jssuccessfully realized by using the LabVIEW2020 software.Based on the basic physical principles ,the programblock diagram of the bridge circuit is constructed and the intuitive panel of the experiment is designed ,to meetthe needs of users to complete the whole measurement process through the virtual simulation interface.In thesimulation experiment,the resistance R. shows a continuously adjustable and definite theoretical value in therange of l~1 000 2,the ratio arm R,/R, is continuously adjustable in the range of 0.001  1 000.and thecomparison arm R, is adjustable in the range of 0~9 999.99  through a six-digit decimal resistance box.Theresults of several simulation experiments show that the relative errors of the resistance R. are all below 1.0%showing a high accuracy.The simulation experiment can effectively measure the sensitivity of the bridge,andthe design method is very successful, which can be extended to virtual simulation applications of other electricalexperiments.

Measuring the refractive index of solution has important theoretical and practical implications． It studies the refractive index measurement device and method of transparent solution based on Michelson interferometer and smart phone，and applies it to quantitative measurement of the refractive index of salt and sucrose solution．The experimental results show that at the optimum working angle，the measuring device and method can quantitatively measure the refractive index of transparent liquid，the performance of the measuring device is stable，and the measuring method has high precision，about 3% and 2% respectively． Using smartphone optical sensor and free application-Phyphox to read the changes of laser interference fringes instead of human eyes，not only solves the pain point of human eye reading in traditional Michelson interference experiments，but also improves the objectivity and accuracy of the experiment．Experimental research will help to expand the application field of Michelson interferometer and smartphone in physics teaching and research， and deepen students’understanding and knowledge of wave optics and two-beam interference．

The force-sensitive sensor was used to measure the liquid surface tension coefficient．To deal with experiment date correctly by the method of successive minus．The data were processed by the difference by difference method．According to the theory of measurement uncertainty，the transfer formula of the uncertainty for the liquid surface tension coefficient was deduced and applied in subsequent data processing．

The traditional method can effectively improve the magnification，but additional devices are needed to determine the reflection times．Through the combination of a large plane mirror placed in a slant to the mirror of the optical lever，the number of reflections is accurately controlled to 2 levels，and the optical path is increased while an angle change is increased．Finally，the magnification is increased to 4 times of the traditional lever method．Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the oblique double mirror method is used to measure the Young’s modulus of metal wire． The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis，which verifies the effectiveness of the method and theory．In addition，the amplification factor is as high as 84．36 times in the limited space not more than 80 cm．