When a certain wavelength of light passes through the liquid，some of the light intensity will be absorbed by the liquid，and the absorption ability of different concentrations of liquid to the light intensity will be different．The remaining light intensity after liquid absorption will still cause photocurrent to be generated in the phototube．Based on the experimental principle of photoelectric effect，the corresponding photocurrent of the same liquid at different concentrations was measured．The calibration curve of the two is drawn，and the linear equation of the two is fitted by computer．That is，the corresponding concentration of the liquid can be calculated only by measuring the photocurrent of the liquid after light blocking through the photoelectric effect tester．

Taking the "electrostatic field" part of university physics and experimental courses as an example，the ideological and political teaching of exploratory courses is designed to study how to organically integrate ideological and political education in each teaching link，so as to cultivate students’scientific spirit of pursuing truth and climbing mountains，and stimulate the sense of responsibility and mission of loving the motherland

and serving the country scientifically．Through the questionnaire survey，it is found that students agree with the current ideological and political teaching mode，but there are still some areas to be improved．Through teaching discussion and teaching reflection，the improvement measures of subsequent ideological and political education are put forward．

The traditional method can effectively improve the magnification，but additional devices are needed to determine the reflection times．Through the combination of a large plane mirror placed in a slant to the mirror of the optical lever，the number of reflections is accurately controlled to 2 levels，and the optical path is increased while an angle change is increased．Finally，the magnification is increased to 4 times of the traditional lever method．Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the oblique double mirror method is used to measure the Young’s modulus of metal wire． The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis，which verifies the effectiveness of the method and theory．In addition，the amplification factor is as high as 84．36 times in the limited space not more than 80 cm．

Accurate and rigorous processing of experimental data is a crucial part of physical experiments．For more complex physics experiments with high drawing accuracy requirements，the visualization of experimental results has played an important role in the practice of modern “University Physics Experiments”course by using software to effectively process experimental data and realize the visualization of experimental results． Taking common experiments as an example，it describes how to use Python language to quickly process experimental data and visualize images． Although the Python language is widely used，it is rarely used in physics experiments．It not only highlights basic applications such as python language-based data processing， image visualization，and fitting，but also provides the original codes．

Young’ s double. slit interference ( YDSl) is an important content in the courses like Optics ,College Physics , and its basic principle is widely used in engineering technology. In this paper, YDSl experiment was simulated by programming with MA'TLAB, and the simulation results straightforwardly show the effects of theslit spacing, the distance between the slit and the receiving screen and the light wavelength on the YDSlP articularly, we simulated the YDSl experiment with the white light as a light source, based on which weshowed the color spectrum of dispersion induced by the interference , and the mechanism for the change of light intensity and spectral contrast, In addition, we further compared the simulation results of measuring there fractive index of transparent dielectric films when using, separately , monochromatie and white light as light sources , demonstrating the limitation of a monochromatic light source in the experiment, The simulation experiment performed in this work is of great significance not only for deepening students’ understanding on the light interference ,but also for enriching the teaching content of YDSl, and cultivating students’ scientific exploration literacy and improving their ability to analyze and solve problems using information technology.

The Frank-Hertz experiment is important for verifying the quantization of electron energy and is aclassie in recent physics experiments, However, the experimental results are generally limited by the experimental conditions and data processing methods. In this paper, Matlab soltware is used to calculate the first excitation potential of monatomie gas argon by segmented linear interpolation , three times Hermite inte rpolation and three times spline interpolation and ploting the curve of eight sets of measured data, and it is found that the curve fitted by three times spline interpolation is smoother and the consisency of the results is belter. Meanwhile ,the first exeitation potential of the gas argon is obtained by the quantum mechanics-based first nature prineiple caleulation, and compared with the experimental results, it is found that compared with the Perdew-Burke-Erzerhof( PBE ) generalized funetion, the first excitation potential calculated by using theHeyd-Seuseria-Emzerhof( HSE06 ) generalized function has a better agreement with the experimental value ,and the introduction of spin-orbit coupling leads to the cleavage of the energy level but does not change theexeitation potential significantly.

The influence of the grating on the spectrometer table which rotated a certain angle on the change of diffraction angle is analgzed theoretically，and through the Matlab software to make surface chart which can visually observe the change of diffraction angle as you increase the rotation angle and the diffraction angle． Compared the experimental measurements with theoretical derivation，found that the grating rotated a certain angle，the change of diffraction angle used in the calculation increases with the increase of the diffraction angle，and it will cause some errors in the calculation of wavelength．

Measuring surface tension coefficient of liquid by Jolly scale”is a basic project in the university physics experiment，which uses the pull-out method to measure the tiny force of surface tension．Among them，it  is difficult and complex to keep the‘hree-line alignment’all the time，and the gate wire which is used in the experiment is easy to deform，which makes the artificial reading very inaccurate．In view of this situation，the  experiment is improved by changing the gate wire that is easy to deform into a rectangular card and hollow cylindrical barrel that are not easy to deform and have regular shapes．The length scale on the Jolly scale is  changed to the direct readable micro force scale，and the dynamic photography technology is adopted to accurately locate the force by slowing down．Thus this improvement reduces the operation difficulty，simplifies the experiment process，and makes the reading more accurate．

Ｒainbow and secondary rainbow are magical natural phenomena in the atmosphere． In order to visually observe the rainbow and secondary rainbow and explore their optical phenomena and influencing factors，we designed two demonstration devices for reproducing the rainbow and secondary rainbow，which can reproduce the phenomenon of the rainbow and secondary rainbow at the same time，measure the observation position and the incidence of the rainbow and secondary rainbow．The angle of light，explore the reasons and conditions of the formation of rainbow and secondary rainbow phenomenon． Through the observation and analysis of the rainbow and secondary rainbow produced by transparent glass balls with different diameters，it is indirectly proved that the larger the raindrop，the more significant the rainbow and secondary rainbow phenomenon，and the exit angle of the rainbow and secondary rainbow has nothing to do with the diameter of the water drop．The rainbow and secondary rainbow demonstration device has simple operation，clear phenomenon and low cost．It is very suitable to extend to classrooms or science and technology museums to help understand the rainbow phenomenon and its optical principles．

Billiards is a sport full of strategy and skill. During the entire process of a single strke ,the collisionbehween the cue and the white ball, the collision between the white ball and the target ball, as well as theeollision between the white ball and the edge of the table can be approximately regarded as ideal perfectlyelastie collisions. For these three seenarios , ideal physical models for billiards collisions and movements areestablished,Based on physical prineiples such as the momentum theorem, the law of roation, the law ofeonservation of momentum ,and the law of conservation of mechanical energy , this exploration delves into therelationship between the foree applied when the cue strikes the white ball, the angle of collision between thewhite ball and the target ball, and the final orientation of the white ball, and conduct analysis to providetheoretical referenee for improving hiting efieieney.By using the example of billiards collision molion ,studentscan gain a deeper understanding of physical laws and their applications ,and stimulate their interest in learningand innovative thinking.