As a simple and fast method to measure the concentration of transparent liquid with optical activity, polarimetry is an ideal measurement method with simple instrument，convenient operation，accurate calculation and low experimental cost．In this study，the glucose solution with optical activity is taken as an example to measure the concentration of glucose solution according to the characteristics of glucose solution and the different optical activity of different glucose solutions． The relative error of glucose solution concentration measured by the self built experimental system is with in 2%，which shows that this experimental system has achieved a high precision measurement of glucose solution concentration，with high reliability．In addition，this chapter has developed a general method for measuring the concentration of transparent liquid with optical activity．