再现虹与霓演示装置的设计与研究

doi:10.14139/j.cnki.cn22-1228.2023.01.015

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摘要

虹与霓是大气中的神奇自然现象。为了能观测虹与霓并对其光学现象和影响因素进行探究，设计制作了两种再现虹与霓的演示装置，能同时再现虹和霓现象，测量虹与霓观测位置与入射光线的夹角，探究虹与霓现象的形成原因与条件。通过对不同直径玻璃球产生虹与霓的观测与分析，间接证明雨滴越大虹与霓现象越显著，虹与霓的出射角与水滴直径无关。该演示装置操作简单，现象清晰，成本低，适合推广到课堂或科技馆，帮助理解虹与霓现象及其光学原理。

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	涂余闽
	曾钶
	曾梦海
	张朋波
	彭勇

关键词: 光学虹和霓色散

Abstract:

Ｒainbow and secondary rainbow are magical natural phenomena in the atmosphere． In order to visually observe the rainbow and secondary rainbow and explore their optical phenomena and influencing factors，we designed two demonstration devices for reproducing the rainbow and secondary rainbow，which can reproduce the phenomenon of the rainbow and secondary rainbow at the same time，measure the observation position and the incidence of the rainbow and secondary rainbow．The angle of light，explore the reasons and conditions of the formation of rainbow and secondary rainbow phenomenon． Through the observation and analysis of the rainbow and secondary rainbow produced by transparent glass balls with different diameters，it is indirectly proved that the larger the raindrop，the more significant the rainbow and secondary rainbow phenomenon，and the exit angle of the rainbow and secondary rainbow has nothing to do with the diameter of the water drop．The rainbow and secondary rainbow demonstration device has simple operation，clear phenomenon and low cost．It is very suitable to extend to classrooms or science and technology museums to help understand the rainbow phenomenon and its optical principles．

Key words: optics rainbow and secondary rainbow dispersion

出版日期: 2023-02-25 发布日期: 2023-02-25 整期出版日期: 2023-02-25

ZTFLH:	O 435．1
	O 436

引用本文:

涂余闽 , 曾钶 , 曾梦海 , 张朋波 , 彭勇 . 再现虹与霓演示装置的设计与研究 [J]. 大学物理实验, 2023, 36(1): 71-75.
TU Yumin , ZENG Ke , ZENG Menghai , ZHANG Pengbo , PENG Yong . Ｒesearch on Ｒainbow and Secondary Ｒainbow Based on Model Method . Physical Experiment of College, 2023, 36(1): 71-75.

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http://dawushiyan.jlict.edu.cn/CN/10.14139/j.cnki.cn22-1228.2023.01.015 或 http://dawushiyan.jlict.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V36/I1/71

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