Focusing on the phenomenon of water droplet lenses, this paper conducts in-depth theoreticaanalysis on the surface morphology of droplets and their related optical parameters based on principles oldroplet surface tension ,fluid staties ,and an energy function corrected by contact angle.The influencing factorsof the optical parameters are summarized as follows: as the thickness of the water droplet increases , themagnification of the lens decreases ,and the resolution first increases and then decreases ;as the diameter of thewater droplet inereases , the magnilieation deereases ,and the resolution also first inereases and then deereases :the relraelive index of glass has almost no elleet on the oplical parameters of the lens.Through Matlabsimulations, the relative errors for magnification and resolution in each set of experiments are 2.7196 and4.796 , 1.1296 and 5.996 ,and 0.4496 and 2.13% ,respeclively ,indicating high credibility.This research not onlyadvanees related technologies but also provides innovaltive application ideas for multiple fields.