Electromagnetic induction , as an important theoretical basis of wireless power technology , usesmagnetic flux changes to generate induced electromotive force, providing a more convenient and securecontaetless power supply for electronie produets. In order to enhanee students’ experimental interest and skillsas well as further cultivate their awareness of scientific research and innovation .a flexible wireless driven LE)device manulfacturing experiment based on the principle of magnetic coupling resonance was designed. Through actively participating in the whole process of fabrieating the flexible wireless LED device , students can fullyunderstand and learn the principle of magnetic coupling resonance ,circuit design ,circuit simulation modelingcircuit board printing and production, electrical performance detection, and other related knowledge. Meanwhile , this experiment aims to develop students’abilities in analyzing experimental data and problem-solving.

A barrier discharge device composed of two rectangular copper electrode is developed to generate anatmospheric pressure helium discharge.This discharge characteristics generated in a wedge gap is studied.lt isfound that with the inerease of gas flow rate , the discharge length along with breakdown voltage and spectraline intensity displays inerease rapidly-decrease slowly-almost unchanged, but discharge current firstlydecreases slowly , then increases rapidly ,finally almost unchanged.The characteristic regions are obtained. The underlying physical correlation has been established among discharge length charaeteristic region , breakdown voltage characteristic region , discharge current characteristic region , and spectral intensity characteristic region.

The experiment of transistor amplification circuits is one of basic experiments of analog electronictechnology.Amplitude and phase frequency characteristics curves are obtained based on Multisim.There are twophenomena that are inconsistent with theory : upper limit cutoff frequency is much greater than theoreticaestimated value ;'The second is phase characteristic curve undergoes a phase transition from - 180° to 180° at acertain firequency.Regarding the first phenomenon ,the test data was processed using Python , and it was foundthat theoretical and simulated values of the lower limit frequeney of the amplitude frequency characteristic werebasically consistent with test values ,;The upper frequency is between theoretical value and simulation value. Inresponse to the second phenomenon, a theoretical phase frequency characteristic curve was drawn usingPython ,and the Lissajous plots were measured no phase jump.

A droplet-based power generation device was designed and fabricated, utilizing the principle ofcharge transfer induced by droplet impact on polytetrafluoroethylene( PTFE ) friction.The influenee of variousparameters on power generation was investigated. The results show that power generation is closely related to thedroplet's fall height , solution concentration , and temperature. When the droplet fall height is 30cm , the powergeneration reaches its peak , and the power generation efficieney is maximized. The higher the coneentration ofsodium chloride solution , the lower the power generation and elicieney.As the droplet temperature increasesboth power generation and elficieney show an increasing trend.It was also found that the size of the droplets andthe geometric dimensions of the impacted conductive glass affect power generation and efficiency.

Under the background of “ New Infrastructure” and new generation of information technology , theteam of the Physies E'xperiment Center of Harbin Institute of Technology ( Shenzhen )organically combinesphysics experiment teaching with information and communication technology , and develops a series of physicalexperiment projects related to fiber-optic communication technology. Taking the magneto-optical effect as anexample , an online virtual simulation experiment projeet was developed. The organic integration of online andoffline teaching methods makes the teaching method more flexible.The course content is scientific , intuitive and interesting, and can realize hierarchical teaching, which greatly stimulates students’interest in learning andinnovative practical ability , enabling them to achieve excellent results in competitions and greatly improving the quality of teaching.

This study aims to improve the aceuraey of radiosity measurement. The study uses a custommaderadiation source and a radiation receiving device to explore the relationship between radiosity and itsinfluencing faetors.The radiosity of objeets inereases with roughness and is influeneed by surfaee color. Theradiation output of an object is proportional to the fourth power of its the rmodynamic temperature and inverselproportional to the square of its distance. The maximum error of the experimental results is only 0.002 48 , withother errors being less than 10~4.The goodness of fit is as high as 0.999 89, close to l, indicating that the method is highly aecurate. 'This study is significant for aecurate temperature measurement, material property characterization ,the rmal engineering process optimization , and environmental thermal radiation monitoring.

The equivalent cireuit model ( ECM)is an important means to study the complex physical andchemical process of the electrochemical impedance measurement of solution, and it has important application inthe engineering technology research and development of the equipment such as the solution conductivitymeasurement instrument,The potassium chloride solution ( KCl) was selected as the research object , and theimpedanee spectrum of 0.01 mol/l, to 1 mol/L, KCl was measured using electrochemical work station andplatinum black parallel double electrodes, The Lima and Randles ECM were used to fit the measurement resultsrespectively and the accuracy of the two models were compared. Based on the fact that the physical andchemical mechanism of the solution is diflerent at different AC excitation signal frequencies ,the measurementresults are simulated at high and low frequencies respectively, to further improve the simulation accuracy , andthe high-frequeney ECM is raised based on the Lima ECM and Randles ECM. High frequency ECM was used tosimulate the conductivity of KCl solution with different concentrations at high frequeney , and the differences of ohysical and chemical processes in solution caused by different coneentrations were compared and analyzed.

It fails in the analysis of the structural parameters of the varied-line-space grating because of thespectrum aliasing phenomenon in the Fraunhofer diffiraction patterns. To overcome this problem, the experimental scheme relies on the prineiple of dilating window Fourier transform with loeal analysischaracteristics in stripe analysis and the Fraunhofer diflraetion principle , to theoretically derive and establislthe relationship between the characteristies of local varied-line-space grating diffraction pattern intensity!distribution and the corresponding structural parameters. For the designed optical system , a slit with tunablewidth is introdueed into the traditional Fraunhofer diffraction optical system as a window to obtain the loeavaried-line-space grating ,and to perform localization analysis, Finally ,a numerical analysis system is developer based on MATLAB to perform the numerical simulation and the optical experimental analysis by ourselvesAccording to the characteristics of the difiraction intensity distribution , the structural parameters of the locavaried-line-space grating can be obtained.There are three types of varied-line-space grating are employed for experimental analysis, The structural parameters of the local varied-line-space grating are achieved successfullyby the captured diflraction patterns. Furthermore , the comparison with the theoretical numerical simulationresults ,and the error show that the analysis results are reasonable and feasible.

The magnetic domain is the fundamental structure in magnetic materials, which dictates theimagnetic properties. By conducting in-depth investigations into magnetic domains, we can enhanee ourunderstanding of the characteristics of magnetic materials , optimize their performanee, and further advancerelated applications,The Lorentz transmission Electron Microseope( LTEM),as a device based on transmissionelectron microscopy ,enables the observation and analysis of the magnetic domain structures of these materialslts operational principle relies on utilizing the Lorentz force to deflect the electron beam , resulting in patternswith alternating brightness that reflect diferent orientations of magnetic moments within the plane. With itsultrahigh detection sensitivity and nanometer-level resolution , LTEM finds extensive application in studyingmagnetic materials, Introducing L'TEM into undergraduate teaching holds significant importanee as it allowsstudents to gain practical skills and research methods through hands-on experience.Simultaneously ,it cultivatesscientific research literacy and capabilities among students while laying a solid foundation for their future scientific endeavors. Therefore, applying LTEM in undergraduate teaching is not only feasible but also

necessary.

In conventional experimental teaching college physics , reported long-period fiber gratings ( LPFGs )had low refractive index sensitivity and normally possessed positive temperature sensitivity, and they couldn’ elfectively eliminate temperature crosstalk by combining them with fiber Bragg gratings( FBGs) .Herein , throughfemtosecond laser direct writing technology, we have fabricated a temperature-compensated high-sensitivityoptical fiber gratings sensor by cascading microfiber Bragg gratings( mFBG) with small-period microfiber longperiod gratings ( SP-mFLPG ). This sensor has merits of compact size, highly stable, high relractive index sensitivity of 759. 02 nm/RIU, and characteristic of temperature compensation. For such an experimentalteaching of sensor fabrication , it can contribute to undergraduate fundamental teaching, that offering morepossibilities for innovative teaching experiments. Students could take participate in experimental fabrication andmeasurement of micro/nano optical fiber devices, which could help them to enhance hands-on abilityconcentration ,and research literacy. More importantly , students can engage in innovative fiber-optic structuraldesign, and their interest of novel fiber devices and sensor applications can be sparked. lt can lay a solid foundation for their further studies and education.

This study proposes a method for measuring refractive index by combining a laser and a linear arrayCCD. It takes advantage of the lateral displacement produced when light passes through parallel plate media toachieve eficient and accurate measurement of refractive index and concentration of transparent media. The device employs a red point laser as a stable light source , attenuating the light intensity through a neutral densityfilter,and precisely adjusting the ineident angle using a rotating platform. Subsequently, the linear array CCDsensor captures changes in the position of the light spot , and the data is processed in Matlab to realize real-timemeasurement of the relractive index and concentration of transparent liquids, Experimental results demonstrateminimal errors and high stability when measuring, PMMA, glass , and solutions of various coneentrations. Thisdesign is also suitable for educational purposes , aiding in the understanding of the coneept of refractive index.The research provides an innovative perspective for relractive index measurement, laying the technical foundation for future studies.

The sound source location demonstration instrument is designed based on 'TC264 microprocessor.The new microphone array topology was designed and printed by 3D modeling software creo 3 ,and the sound souree information collected by the microphone array was transmitted to TC264 microprocessor for calculation byT'DOA algorithm to realize the sound source location.The demonstration instrument uses L.D3320 chip toidentify the sound and realize the auxiliary human voice control of the whole system.At the same time , based onO'T( application development framework ) , the windows application sotware is designed for the interactiorbetween the upper system and the underlying platform , which realizes the serial port communication assistant, multi-channel sound waveform display ,location result display and other functions.

Taking the RLC series resonance experiment as an example ,the digital intelligence software to assistthe experimental teaching is developed, which is mainly to check the experimental measurement data , and judge the correetness and error of the data by means of accuracy identification, error analysis, drawingprocessing, ete., give reasonable suggestions and next operation instructions for the problematic data, andcorrect the errors in the students’ experimental process until all the data are verified.The soltware can improvethe elliciency of experiments and the accuracy of data ,and help students understand the experimental process.

Cantilever beam is widely used in all kinds of engineering structures because of its simple structure.'The vibration model of cantilever beam with additional mass at the end under mutual excitation of permanentmagnet is called magneto-mechanical oscillator, Tracker software is used to analyze the influenee of theadditional mass at the end of the cantilever beam on the vibration characteristics according to the Euler-Bemoulli vibration theory , including the influence of vibration displacement and vibration frequency on the additional mass. The experimental and analytical results show that the vibration amplitude of the beam increasesand the vibration frequency decreases with the inerease of the additional mass. The research is conducive toprovide new ideas for sensor or energy resource acquisition, and provide more optimal design for deviceapplications.

Based on the sound velocity measurement from college physics experiments , Origin soltware is usedto make a linear fiting to the data obtained from experimental measurement,and the results are compared withthe traditional suecessive difference method.The sound velocity values obtained by the two methods are almostidentical.The results indieate that introducing Origin software to process experimental data in experimentalteaching is more convenient and elficient, and can effectively improve experimental efficiency and accuracy,avoiding errors caused by human faetors.

According to the Virtual Nuclear Experiment lab reports of three consecutive grades undergraduatestudents of the Modern Physics Experiment of the Institute of Physies and Astronomy at Sun Yat-senUniversity , it was found that when students used mathematical formulas to caleulate the thickness of the Mylarfilm , there was a large error with the theoretical value.The average relative errors of each grade are 445.02%,335.45%6 and 519.92%6 respectively.In order to find the reason to cause such huge errors, a real nuclearexperiment was conducted and mathematical calculation methods were still used to calculate the Mylar filmthickness.lt was found that there was still a large error with the theoretical value ,and the relative eror valuewas 207. 72%6. When Srim software is used to calculate the Mylar film thickness in the virtual nuclearexperiment and the real nuclear experiment , the relative errors are very small ,7.47%6 and 20.1%6 respectively.ltis thus determined that when using mathematical combination formulas to caleulate the polyatomic compound mylar film , the inaccuracy is high and the error is large.

The processing of data in the University Physies Experiment is particularly crucial.The radius ofcurvature of Newton's rings is measured by interferometry of equal thickness of light as an example : Firstly.different experimental data processing methods were simulated using MATLAB, and the data processing anderror analysis of the three data processing methods of successional difference, least squares and weightedaverage are compared, and the uncertainty of each method is caleulated.lt is found that the least squares method exhibits the optimal fiting results with small errors.Secondly ,the visualization image of Newton's ringsis successfully generated by MA'TLAB, and the experimental results under different wavelengths of light andNewton ring radius are displayed.Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of data processing methods andexperimental visualization can help to intuitively understand and display experimental phenomena and providean effective auxiliary tool for the analysis of experimental results.

Milligan's oil drop experiment is an important course in university physics experiments. In theexperiment , students study the quantum nature of the microscopic world through macroscopic mechanies , whichcan cultivate students’ hands-on ability , independent learning ability ,ability to comprehensively apply existingknowledge,and ability to organize and coordinate. However, there are problems in teaching such as smalexperimental samples , long experimental procedures, and “ trial and error" selective screening results. lanalyzes the teaching results , discusses the defects in the teaching process, and proposes a plan to improveteaching equipment : using machine vision to improve the process of Millikan's oil drop experiment , real-timeimage processing and automated data collection ,so that students can be more focused on experimental theoryand result analysis , rather than cumbersome operating procedures,Such a system can also make experimentaresults easier to share and discuss, inereasing interactivity , thus improving students' learning motivation andabsorption. lt can not only improve the quality of teaching, but also stimulate students’interest and cultivatetheir scientific literacy and innovation ability,This is an important direction in the development of education altechnology and is worthy of exploration and implementation.

Traditional PWM signal generators have problems with low accuracy and poor portability in signaregulation for mobile devices. In response to the current situation, a portable PWM signal generator has beerdesigned based on FPGA, which can achieve a duty cycle adjustable in 1% 6 step size and four frequeney pulswidth adjustable square wave signal generators of 100 Hz, 1 kHz,10 kHz, 100 kHz and can be controlled by foubuttons , and finally displayed on a digital tube with the minimum resolution. The experimental results show thathe signal generated by the system circuit is stable and reliable, and it also has advantages such as higlaccuracy and good portability.

The measurement of gravitational acceleration by a single pendulum is a basic content in the physicsexperiment of the university ,and it is also a conventional method to measure the aeceleration of gravity , in the experiment ,three measurement tools are usually used to measure the period,such as a smart phone ,a multi-funetion timer and 'Tracker software."'he experimental results show that the accuracy of the three measurementtools is in descending order: 'Tracker software , multi-funetion timer, and smart phone. In the experiment , thesingle pendulum period is often affected by the movement of the conic pendulum and produces errors ,and the analysis of Tracker software shows that the movement of the single pendulum will lead to the small gravitation alacceleration of the measured gravity.

Some properties of standing waves on strings were demonstrated using Guitar and smartphone. The influence of tension and line density on the fundamental frequency of standing waves on strings can bequalitatively demonstrated.Then the frequency relationship between the fundamental frequeney of the standingwave and higher-order harmonics , as well as the relationship between the fundamental frequency of the standingwave and the string length were quantitatively demonstrated. The results of the quantitative demonstration are ingood agreement with the theory of standing waves on strings. The use of Guitar and smartphone for the standing wave demonstrations provides students with an auditory extension to understand the properties of standingwaves ,and adds fun to traditional experimental teaching.

The experimental project of X-ray crystal diffraction was taken as an example to build the educationresouree database of universe physics experimental course. Using QR code technology,the education resourcedatabase , consisting of experimental principles, content , ideological and political elements, and instrumentusages , has been established to the cloud. Under the condition of mobile intemmet, sudents can easily use themobile WeChat and Alipay scanning function to browse the database in the preview,experimental operation andafter class stages , which promotes active leaming.The results of anonymous survey question naires indicate that the constructed database has been approved by the majority of students ,and is strongly recommended to other courses.

In the context of new engineering, the course of “ University Physies Experiment” needs to activeladapt to the basic requirements of the new era for application-oriented undergraduate college students , andcultivate students with more skills and qualities, so it puts forward higher requirements for the universityphysics experiment teaching team.Teacher training is an elfective measure to improve the construction of thefaculty of physics experiments in universities.By improving the professional knowledge level and comprehensive ability of the teaching team, changing the teaching mode and education concept, and giving full play to theideological and political advantages of the university physics experiment course , the teaching quality andteaching effect of the course will be further improved.

In the new era,the curriculum ideological and political construction should be developed from thetrend ,law and method of the curriculum ideological and political construction to the qualitative leap,so as toform an organic nested education and teaching system.Especially in the natural science basic course of collegephysics experiment, educators are required to accurately grasp the historical background and realisticcontradictions of the ideological and political construction of this course in the context of the situation , promotethe “ saltwater integration” through knowledge imparts , ability cultivation and value shaping in the process of understanding, and constantly improve the ability , level, process and steps of ideological and political teachingin the course of technical optimization,so as to ensure the college physics experiment course ideological andpolitical development.

In response to the unique characteristics of the chip-related disciplines, we are innovating ourphysical course teaching models and systems , exploring new reforms for the university physics courses thatintegrate theory with practicality. We focus on academie competitions as a lever to develop new content folability training, transitioning from knowledge dissemination to competency development. starting with outeaching methods, we practice an innovative approach called “ three stages, three steps" to foster students proactive learning abilities. Collaborating between schools and enterprises, we open up new paths for enhancing students’ innovative capabilities through research-based learning.Using the service of our chip industry collegeto cultivate innovative talents as a pilot , we provide referable experiences for exploring the cultivation of newengineering talents.