As the core course of applied physics major, Applied Optics has strong practicability. Aberration is an important parameter to characterize the imaging quality of optical system, and it is the most important concept in Applied Optics. Axial spherical aberration is one of the most basic and important geometric aberrations. In this paper, Zemax is used to simulate the measurement of spherical aberration in the optical system. Through the method of ray tracing, the experimenters can deeply understand the causes of spherical aberration and get familiar with the experimental principle, which has a positive guiding effect on the measurement of spherical aberration.