双层水槽温差发电装置设计及输出特性研究

doi:10.14139/j.cnki.cn22-1228.2025.05.009

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摘要温差发电是热电效应的重要应用之一，设计和制作温差发电装置并研究其输出特性，对优化温差发电器件或系统的应用效果具有重要意义。针对温差发电技术应用领域的研究需求，该文设计并制作了一套双层水槽的温差发电装置。该装置外层水槽利用虹吸现象通入循环水，内层水槽外加电源对水加热，使发电片在温差作用下产生电势差，并通过外接测量电路研究其输出特性。通过设计实验探究了不同条件下双层水槽温差发电装置的输出特性，结果表明:增大温差发电片内外温差，调节发电片连接方式等方法可有效提高发电装置的输出功率。该装置结构简单、灵活度高、制作成本低、安全性高、易于操作，因此可以运用到实验教学中，为温差发电的实验设计提供一定的思路和启发，使学生更好地了解温差发电技术。

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	林春丹
	周露露
	张万松
	杨振清
	安峰辰
	刘洪辰
	杨东杰

关键词: 温差发电片温差发电装置输出特性

Abstract: Thermoelectric power generation is one of the important applications of thermoelectric effect．It is of great significance to design and manufacture thermoelectric power generation devices and study its output characteristics to optimize the application efficiency of thermoelectric power generation devices or system．To address the research demand of the application field of thermoelectric power generation technology，this work designs and makes a set of double-layer water tank thermoelectric power generation devices．The outer water tank utilizes the siphon phenomenon to enable water circulation，while an external power supply heas the water in the inner tank，causing the generator sheet to develop a potential difference due to the temperature gradient，and through the external measurement circuit to study its output characteristics．The output characteristics of the double-layer water tank thermoelectric power plant under different conditions are studied by design experiments．The results show that increasing the difference in temperature between the inside and outside of the power generator and adjusting the connection method of the power generator can effectively increase the output power of the power generator．The device is a simple structure with high flexibility，low cost，high safety， easy operation．It provides some ideas and inspiration for the teaching experiment design，which can make
students better understand the technology of thermoelectric power generation．

Key words: thermoelectric plate thermoelectric generating device output characteristics

出版日期: 2025-10-25 发布日期: 2025-10-25 整期出版日期: 2025-10-25

ZTFLH:	TM 913
	O47

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目(52078482)

引用本文:

林春丹, 周露露, 张万松, 杨振清, 安峰辰, 刘洪辰, 杨东杰. 双层水槽温差发电装置设计及输出特性研究[J]. 大学物理实验, 2025, 38(5): 46-51.
LIN Chundan, ZHOU Lulu, ZHANG Wansong, YANG Zhenqing, AN Fengchen, LIU Hongchen, YANG Dongjie. Experimental Study on Design and Output Characteristics of Double-layer Water Tank Thermoelectric Power Generation Device. Physical Experiment of College, 2025, 38(5): 46-51.

链接本文:

https://dawushiyan.jlict.edu.cn/CN/10.14139/j.cnki.cn22-1228.2025.05.009 或 https://dawushiyan.jlict.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V38/I5/46