电极半径对正交电磁场中电子运动的影响

doi:10.14139/j.cnki.cn22-1228.2025.05.004

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摘要利用四阶龙格库塔法数值计算了正交电磁场中不同阴极半径和阳极半径下的电子运动轨迹。计算结果表明:当阴极半径较小的时候，电子做类“8”字旋转曲线运动，而当阴极半径较大时，则呈现近似半圆形弹跳运动行为;阴极半径越大，电子的运动曲线在阳极附近的曲率半径越大;阳极半径越大，电子的运动曲线在靠近阳极处的曲线曲率半径越小。此数值模拟实验计算既直观展示了电子的运动行为，又弥补了实体实验在控制参量变化上的局限性。

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	苏亚凤
	陈贺胜
	王兴

关键词: 龙格库塔法电子运动阴极半径

Abstract: The fourth-order Ｒunge-Kutta method is used to calculate the trajectories of electrons under different cathode and anode radii in orthogonal electromagnetic fields．The calculation results show that when the cathode radius is small，the electrons perform a "figure 8" rotation curve motion，and when the cathode radius is large，it shows an approximate semicircular bounce motion behaviour．The larger the cathode radius，the greater the radius of curvature of the electron's motion curve near the anode．The larger the anode radius，the smaller the radius of curvature of the curve of the electron near the anode．This numerical simulation experiment not only visually shows the motion behaviour of electrons，but also makes up for the limitations of solid experiments in controlling parameter changes．

Key words: Ｒunge-kutta method electron motion cathode radius

出版日期: 2025-10-25 发布日期: 2025-10-25 整期出版日期: 2025-10-25

ZTFLH:

TN 123

基金资助: 西安交通大学重点项目(24JF-JC2)

引用本文:

苏亚凤, 陈贺胜, 王兴. 电极半径对正交电磁场中电子运动的影响[J]. 大学物理实验, 2025, 38(5): 18-22.
SU Yafeng, CHEN Hesheng , WANG Xing . Influence of Electrode Ｒadius on Electron Motion in Orthogonal Electromagnetic Fields. Physical Experiment of College, 2025, 38(5): 18-22.

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https://dawushiyan.jlict.edu.cn/CN/10.14139/j.cnki.cn22-1228.2025.05.004 或 https://dawushiyan.jlict.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V38/I5/18

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