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| Study on the Site Occupations of Tm3+ Ions in BaTiO3 Dielectric Ceramics |
| LIANG Yue，LU Da-yong
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Abstract The site occupations of Tm3+ ions in the BaTiO3 lattice has always been a controversial problem．For
ceramics prepared according to the nominal formula ( Ba1－x Tmx ) Ti1－x/4 O3 ( BTmT) and Ba ( Ti1－x Tmx ) O3
( BTTm) ， X-ray diffraction ( XRD) and electron paramagnetic resonance ( EPR) techniques were used to
identify the site occupations of Tm3+ ions in the BaTiO3 lattice．The results indicated that the position of Tm3+ in
BaTiO3 lattice is related to Ba /Ti ratio．In the case of Ba /Ti＞1， Tm3+ ions are basically insoluble in BaTiO3
lattice．When Ba /Ti＜1，the solubility limit of Tm3+ ions at the Ba-sites in BTmT ceramics is x = 0．02，and these
ceramics exhibited a tetragonal perovskite structure． a conclusion can be drawn by comparing the volume of
crystal packages that Tm3+ ions showed the amphoteric behavior that occupied Ba sites and Ti sites．
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Published: 25 January 2018
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